Energy transformation has become an inevitable trend

The traditional energy supply system, with the change of the global environment and the turbulence of geopolitical situation, has become more and more difficult to sustain.

Extreme climate change and frequent geological disasters have made all countries around the world realize the importance of protecting the environment and controlling the rise of the earth's temperature. It has become the mainstream public opinion and political consensus of the world to reduce carbon emissions and achieve carbon neutrality around the middle of this century.

With the global geopolitical turmoil and the intensification of regional conflicts, the risks of those countries and regions with high dependence on external energy are increasing, and they may lose energy supply at any time due to changes in the external situation.

To this end, developing clean energy, reducing carbon emissions, developing renewable energy, and reducing energy external dependence have become the general trend of global energy reform.

The Paris Agreement, signed by 178 signatories in 2016, aims to keep the global average temperature rise below 2 degrees Celsius from pre-industrial times, and strive to limit the temperature rise to 1.5 degrees Celsius, and gradually achieve carbon neutrality. Most of the world's developing countries have pledged to be carbon neutral by 2060 (as is my own), while developed countries have pledged to be carbon neutral by around 2050.

With the start of the carbon neutrality process, the proportion of petrochemical resources in energy consumption will gradually decrease, and the proportion of electricity, especially green electricity, will become higher and higher.

In March, the European Union decided to raise its target for renewable energy to 45 percent of electricity by 2030, up from 40 percent.

Germany is even more aggressive, with the federal government setting a two-stage target of 80 per cent renewable power by 2030 and 100 per cent renewable power by 2035.

The United States Energy Information Administration (EIA) published a forecast that the share of renewable energy generation (non-hydrous electricity) in the United States will increase from 21 percent in 2021 to more than 44 percent in 2050. The increase of renewable energy mainly includes new wind, solar and biomass energy, and the share of petrochemical energy generation will be less than 43 percent.

By 2060, China will have more than 70 percent of its electricity generated from renewable sources (water-based electricity) and less than 10 percent from fossil sources.

Basically, renewable energy belongs to clean energy, including water power, wind power, solar energy, geothermal energy, tidal energy, etc., which can be converted into electricity for human use in the form of hydropower, wind power, photovoltaic power, thermal power, geothermal power and tidal power. There is an inexhaustible concept of endless generation.

As thermal power unit shut down step by step and high proportion of wind power, photovoltaic (pv) grid, such as renewable energy power system will have a strong uncertainty and instability characteristics, its running pattern is very complex and adjusting ability and stability level dropped significantly, for the planning and design, the operation, stable control, power quality and so on each link are unsolved scientific problems are put forward.

Build 100% renewable energy power system, not only improve the wind power and solar energy accounted for so simple, need to all sorts of renewable energy planning a reasonable proportion, and need to make a soft, flexible coordination, dynamic balance of the smart grid, in order to achieve this goal, energy storage technology will become the core of the future smart grid technology, large-scale promotion and popularization.

Renewable energy generation + energy storage will become the general trend of global energy reform, which will profoundly change the energy supply and consumption habits of human society.